Country:  Johnston Atoll
(territory of the US)
- Geography
Total area: 2.8 km2; land area: 2.8 km2
 
Comparative area: about 4.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
 
Land boundaries: none
 
Coastline: 10 km
 
Maritime claims:
 
Contiguous zone: 12 nm;
 
Continental shelf: 200 m;
 
Extended economic zone: 200 nm;
 
Territorial sea: 12 nm
 
Climate: tropical, but generally dry; consistent northeast trade winds
with little seasonal temperature variation
 
Terrain: mostly flat with a maximum elevation of 4 meters
 
Natural resources: guano (deposits worked until about 1890)
 
Land use: 0% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and pastures;
0% forest and woodland; 100% other
 
Environment: some low-growing vegetation
 
Note: strategic location 1,328 km west-southwest of Honolulu in the North
Pacific Ocean, about one-third of the way between Hawaii and the Marshall
Islands; Johnston Island and Sand Island are natural islands; North Island
(Akau) and East Island (Hikina) are manmade islands formed from coral
dredging; closed to the public; former nuclear weapons test site
 
- People
Population: 1,203 (December 1989); all US government personnel and
contractors
 
- Government
Long-form name: none (territory of the US)
 
Type: unincorporated territory of the US administered by the US Defense
Nuclear Agency (DNA) and managed cooperatively by DNA and the Fish and Wildlife
Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife
Refuge system
 
Diplomatic representation: none (territory of the US)
 
Flag: the flag of the US is used
 
- Economy
Overview: Economic activity is limited to providing services to
US military personnel and contractors located on the island. All
food and manufactured goods must be imported.
 
- Communications
Ports: Johnston Island
 
Airports: 1 with permanent-surface runway 2,743 m
 
Telecommunications: excellent system including 60-channel submarine
cable, Autodin/SRT terminal, digital telephone switch, Military
Affiliated Radio System (MARS station), and a (receive only) commercial
satellite television system
 
Note: US Coast Guard operates a LORAN transmitting station
 
- Defense Forces
Note: defense is the responsibility of the US